“You’re not making Christianity better, you’re just making rock music worse.”
– Hank Hill
Christians have created the greatest works of art in Western society. In fact, they define Western society. Religious art, such as Michelangelo’s David or his paintings in the Sistine Chapel, are known as “the works of the Great Masters.” Mozart’s Requiem is called “Classical Music” (a classic being something that is timeless or the best of its kind). Because the essence of Western society was Christian, so naturally its artists created Christian art, because they could not create any other.
These artists portrayed a timeless and transcendent beauty, a beauty which was bestowed upon Nature by its Creator. Thus, their art was a form of communion with God, the timeless, transcendent, and all-beautiful One. Because it portrays the universal beauty of a universal God, it can be appreciated by all men from all places and at all times. Today, we still hold the Great Masters as the pinnacle of artistic achievement. Those from outside the West, whether they be Buddhist, Muslim, Hindu, or even atheist, travel from across the surface of the world to bask in the beauty of our cathedrals.
Yet something has happened to our art. It is something that seems far off and fossilized. Relics from another time. It appears to the contemporary person old-fashioned and from another civilization than our own. Contemporary art is from a new civilization — a secular civilization. At its best, contemporary art no longer portrays the timeless and transcendent beauty of the Creator but rather the self-indulgent expression of the artist. Other times, it portrays mere novelty. At its worst, it even portrays outright ugliness — a rebellious, “anti-art” that makes an open mockery of the very concept of aesthetics.
The Church has little to nothing to do with any contemporary art. Art that is popular, relevant, or significant –– whether in the form of literature, architecture, visual art, or music — art that can be said to be representative of our contemporary civilization, is strictly secular. The few remaining contemporary attempts at religious art are ineffective, and come off as boring, a hollow rebranding of secular art with Christian motifs, or simply a stale attempt to copy a once glorious past that has been lost to time.
In the rest of this article, we will take a look at what Christian art works, what does not work, and see if we can diagnose and perhaps cure this ailment.
What Works
Christian art works best when it has the following characteristics:
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Authenticity – if the art is too “try hard” or not a true expression of the artist, it loses its authenticity and thus its expression of “truth.” There is a certain organic quality that must be present.
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Transcendence – This authenticity, as an expression of truth, is in itself a form of transcendent. There are other expressions, such as, most obviously, aesthetic beauty. Also, technical skill – an expression of fortitude, intellect, etc. – is another transcendent quality that can transmit in the audience a sense of awe. Effective art is a communion between the artist, the audience, and these transcendent qualities.
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Romance & Emotion – Art is a meeting between the human nature of the artist and the divine transcendent. Part of the artist’s human nature is the artist’s heart. Post-modern art tends towards being “conceptual,” or else an expression of trivial passion that is often highly subjective and local to the artist or their particular secular identity. Deep human emotion can communicate a complex and universal human condition, which is another particular case of the transcendent, the nature of the created order which flows from the creative will of God.
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Tradition & Context – Effective traditional art draws on a continuous tradition. It is a living organism. This is another form of transcendence. While post-modern art is solely an expression of the individual, traditional art is an expression of the civilization that created it, and ultimately all of mankind. This is especially true of Christian art which an expression of the Body of Christ. Thus, effective Christian art should be Christian. It should draw on the rich tradition of the Church handed down from the beginning until our own time.
“When a society is perishing, the wholesome advice to give to those who would restore it is to call it to the principles from which it sprang.” – Rerum Novarum.
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Ingenuity & Contemporaneity – At the same time, art should not simply be a mere mimicry of what has come before it. To do so is to implicitly acknowledge that the tradition is a fossil of another time, not a living tradition that continues unto this day. It also detracts from the authenticity of the art. Every age is slightly different, and re-contextualizes tradition, in the same way that a living person will behave differently in different environments, yet at the same time this action is consistent with the nature of that same person. “Copy-catting” or “LARPing” is a frequent obstacle to effective Christian art. Christians should embrace new media, such as memes, AI, digital art, electronic music, and what have you, but they should use them to express Christian ideas – “where can God work through this new development?”
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Not a Copy of Secular Art – There is another frequent obstacle to effective Christian art that is even more ubiquitous than “copy-catting” traditional art, and that is copying secular art. This obstacle reduces authenticity. Secular art, by its very nature, contains a separate set of implicit ideas. This is why Christian Rock is the ultimate example of bad Christian art. It is impossible for Christian art to out-rock-n-roll rock-n-roll. Simply copying a secular piece of art and making it Christian is like slapping a sticker of a cross on something, rather than baptizing it. Christianity has to create on its own terms, leading rather than following. A better alternative is experimentation from scratch. Forget you ever heard techno music and apply the principles of Gregorian chant to a synthesizer.
Art Review
Here are some contemporary Christian artists, chosen at random.
Some are high art, others are a mix of more pedestrian art/popular art comparable to secular popular art.
Owen Cyclops
Owen Cyclops is a New York–based illustrator and comic artist whose work explores themes of religion, mysticism, symbolism, and esoterica, often through a Christian lens. His art blends sacred imagery with contemporary commentary, aiming to counteract the pervasive influence of modern visual culture.
I first found him on right-wing Twitter, where his tweets often went viral.
https://owencomics.com/
1. Authenticity — 9/10
Owen draws heavily from his own life. His comics feature personal anecdotes, spiritual and theological questions, American Christian esoterica, conspiracy theories, stories from his pre-Christian life as a hippie artist who experimented with psychedelics, observations about the absurdity of modern life, etc.
2. Transcendence — 5/10
The art is highly focused on his own personal life. It has a fairly down-to-earth style. So, transcendence is not the first thing that comes to mind. But it is not anti-beauty either.
3. Romance & Emotion — 7/10
Owen’s work may not necessarily be “romantic” per se but it is deeply personal. The audience can certainly relate to his comics and his emotions pertaining to contemporary life as a Christian.
4. Tradition & Context — 9/10
Owen draws on Christian themes and symbolism heavily. One of his most well-known comics points out that the “goth” aesthetic often used by anti-Christians is really an expression of the Christian motif of “momento mori.” On his website, he offers a fully illustrated liturgical calendar.
5. Ingenuity & Contemporaneity — 9/10
Owen Cyclops excels at using new media, especially meme aesthetics and digital formats. He has a large following on Twitter. Although trained in classical art, his style is highly contemporary and unique. His work shows how Christian thought can be injected into modern forms without simply copying secular trends. His art is clever, timely, and inventive.
6. Not a Copy of Secular Art — 9/10
His art style is contemporary and in a modern format. Aside from this, he really is not trying to create a “webcomics but Christian” product.
Death to the World
Death to the World is an Eastern Orthodox Christian zine founded in 1994 by monks from St. Herman of Alaska Monastery in Northern California, notably Justin Marler, a former member of the doom metal band Sleep. Aimed at reaching disillusioned youth in the punk and metal subcultures, the zine promotes the ancient principles of Orthodox Christianity as the “last true rebellion” against modern nihilism and despair, encouraging readers to be “dead to this world and alive to the other world”.
https://deathtotheworld.com/
Authenticity – 9/10
This is a good example of “baptizing” rather than “copy-catting.” Although it does participate in a secular music movement and format (zines), this is a movement that the creators were authentically a part of prior to their conversion. They emphasize and extract the Christian elements – and thus transcendent truths – already inherent in this movement for their aesthetics.
Transcendence – 9/10
The message of the zine expresses a perennial Orthodox motif.
“Keep thy mind in Hell and despair not.” – St. Silouan the Athonite.
“If you give all your life to the Earth, the Earth will give you a tomb; but if you give your life to heaven, heaven will give you a throne.” – St. Ephraim the Syrian.
This motif is common to both the metal/goth music scene and Christianity. The difference is that the Christian life offers an answer to momento mori, not simply nihilism and hedonism. This creates a more complete message.
Romance & Emotion – 10/10
The zine channels the intense emotions of its readers, addressing feelings of alienation and despair by presenting the profound emotional depth found in Orthodox spirituality. The gothic aesthetics are literally romantic (goth comes from the original Romantic Art movement) and it doesn’t get much more emotionally dynamic than contemplating your own death. This romanticism is one of the prominent themes of metal and alternative music, and Orthodoxy speaks to the same inner heart of a person from whence this comes.
Tradition & Context – 9/10
It is firmly rooted in Orthodox tradition and aesthetics, and the zine draws upon the writings of Church Fathers and monastic teachings, presented in a contemporary format. The zine format hearkens back to the epistles circulated by the early, underground, DIY Church of the apostles.
Ingenuity & Contemporaneity – 10/10
By utilizing the zine format popular in punk culture, it ingeniously bridges the gap between ancient faith and modern subcultures, demonstrating that Orthodox Christianity can be both timeless and timely.
Not a Copy of Secular Art – 7/10
Death to the World does copy the themes of the metal and alternative scenes, but the alternative scene copied them from Christianity first. So Christianity ultimately owns them. The zine format is something that originated from outside the Church in a secular subculture hostile at times hostile to Christianity, so in this sense they did copy the secular culture, thus they lose a few points.
Honorable mention: Kat Von D.
She followed in a similar vein to Death to the World, emphasizing the aesthetic appeal of Orthodoxy in order to appeal to the alternative scene. Some might say this is shallow, but even if this were the case, if it gets people to their first Divine Liturgy, God can take them the rest of the way from there. And I would argue that it is not shallow, but draws upon the same transcendent aesthetics.
Honorable mention: “Orthobro” TikTok edits
Another similar version of this are Orthodox Instagram and TikTok accounts, which copy the Death to the World gothic aesthetics, this time applying them to a new technology and format. The “zine” format is a little dated and Gen-X/Millennial coded, and this is a bit of an updated version of the same idea. The “Orthobro edits” show how this same strategy of “baptizing” rather than copying can be applied to various media.
Arvo Part
Arvo Part is an Estonian composer of contemporary classical music. He is also an Orthodox Christian. Part’s music is inspired by traditional religious music such as Gregorian chant, but has an extremely modern and avant-garde style. He was the most performed living composer from 2011-2018, and 2022.
While a bit older than the others – his works go back to the 70s – Arvo Part does an excellent job of creating truly high art by blending the traditional with the modern, and is an excellent model to follow for those aiming higher than “art zines.”
According to Wikipedia:
In April 2020, although Pärt rarely gives interviews, he spoke to the Spanish newspaper ABC about the COVID-19 pandemic, stating that it was a “mega fast” and reminded him to follow the example of John Updike, who “once said that he tried to work with the same calm as the masters of the Middle Ages, who carved the church pews in places where it was impossible to see them.”
Authenticity – 10/10
Part’s music is totally sincere and original. He is a highly trained classical master who built on the techniques of old masters who came before him, and then invented his own. This is the ideal Christian artist.
Transcendence – 10/10
His works evoke a sense of the sacred, often described as transcendent and meditative.
Some contemporary and experimental composers of the 60s and 70s emphasized dissonance, and had an “anti-art” style, or a style that simply embraced novelty and subversion for the sake of novelty and subversion, Arvo Part instead, embraced experimentation while adhering to transcendent notions of beauty.
Romance & Emotion – 9/10
While Part’s music is characterized by restraint and minimalism, it conveys deep emotional resonance.
Tradition & Context – 10/10
Part draws heavily from early Christian music traditions, particularly Gregorian chant and Orthodox liturgy. His compositions are deeply rooted in these traditions, yet he presents them in a contemporary context, bridging the ancient and the modern.
He writes choral music, featuring familiar liturgical pieces such as “Kyrie,” “Gloria,” and “Angus Dei” – just as the traditional masters such as Mozart once did. However, his compositions also represent the peak of avant-garde contemporary composers such as Phillip Glass.
Ingenuity & Contemporaneity – 10/10
By creating the tintinnabuli style, Part introduced a novel musical language that resonates with contemporary audiences while maintaining a timeless quality.
Not a Copy of Secular Art – 10/10
Part’s music isn’t a copy of anything. It is totally original and represents mastery over the forms and techniques of composition.
Healing Aesthetic Sickness
Aside from the fact that religion was simply an inseparable part of the average person’s identity (such that an artist’s self-expression necessarily entailed a religious expression), there was another practical cause of the Church’s dominance of our civilization’s artistic output. The Church simply found the most talented artists and patronized them to make its art. It is really that simple.
The Church simply needs to find people who are 1. Good at art 2. Christian, and give them money to create art. However, it must take care to do both simultaneously. One without the other is inefficient.
If the Church patronizes artists who are not skilled simply because they are Christian, this will do damage to its reputation as an institution that creates good art, and the art itself will be of poor quality, doing a disservice both in terms of glorifying God and edifying the audience. Thus, the Church must take great care to be discriminating in its patronage and to hold high standards. It may not seem “nice” to turn down a mediocre artist who is nonetheless zealous in their faith and innocent in their intentions, but it is necessary and just. The Church also holds a responsibility to offer the best fruits of its harvest as an unblemished offering to God, who is only worthy of the greatest. It should be a privilege to be accepted for the Church’s patronage — this alone will be a self-fulfilling prophecy, making such patronage scarce and therefore of inherent value.
If, on the other hand, the Church patronizes artists that are skilled but unbelievers, then it will fail at institutionally supporting and promoting Christian artists, and as more money flows to secular artists, it will be these who have this means who will continue creating. If there are simply not enough excellent Christian artists to meet its high standards, then the next step is to produce some through education. Find those artists that do not yet meet the high standards of the Church, but show potential either through undeveloped talent or an industrious spirit. Then, these candidates should be trained to develop high technical skills according to objective standards. For example, for music, artists should receive a classical education in the fundamentals such as chords, scales, point, counterpoint, reading music, studying classical and contemporary music, etc. Or in the case of visual artists, they should be trained to paint in a classical, realistic fashion as did the old masters. However, so that they are not simply copying older traditional forms that are no longer relevant, they should also be given opportunities for experimentation and dialogue with more contemporary styles.
The ultimate aim should be a fusion of traditional and the contemporary — an expression of universal and transcendent excellence from within a modern context. An avant-garde traditional art.
In this sense, the Church is lucky to live in such times as ours. In the past few decades, secular art has been of a very high quality. But increasingly, secular art has started to decline. This is felt in the increasing proliferation of “safe” art that is created by large corporations to be cheap and have mass appeal. In consumer goods such as cars and clothing, vivid colors have been replaced by blacks, whites, and greys. Movies churn out sequels and remakes. Culture has become “stuck” (https://lindynewsletter.beehiiv.com/p/culture-stuck). Due to the “culture war” between “wokeness” and “anti-wokeness,” entertainment must be careful not to say anything that can offend one side or the other, and thus often ends up saying nothing at all. Or, it participates in the culture war by telling stories with a preachy, ham-fisted agenda. There is an appetite for something new and different. A void for aesthetic beauty has opened up that beckons to be filled.
Creating a Beautiful Society: An Act of Charity and Source of Conversion
Why is it so important to cultivate a Christian artistic movement? Why is such an investment of time and money necessary?
In fact, this is a common criticism leveled by low-church Christians, who tend towards iconoclasm, towards traditional apostolic Christians.
“Shouldn’t the church spend all that money on the poor?” asks the Evangelical Christian to the Catholic.
They echo the criticism of those who were with Jesus in the house of Simon the leper when the woman anointed Our Lord’s feet with expensive ointment. We, like Our Lord, understand that it honors God when we anoint His mystical body with beautiful things. It is only those who degrade art to the level of a mere consumer product that would question the practical utility served by investing in art.
Nevertheless, there is an answer also to their practical concerns.
The first is that the creation of public art is an act of charity to the poor, just as much as food or clothing. For “man cannot live on bread alone.” In a secular, hyper-capitalist society, only the rich have access to beauty. They can afford beautiful homes, beautiful neighborhoods, and beautiful possessions. The poor, meanwhile, increasingly live in cheap, un-aesthetic housing in graffiti-covered, cramped apartment complexes of cement and asphalt. The public art that they do have access to, mostly a creation of a secular government, is often ugly, post-modern slop, if they are lucky enough for it to exist at all. Whether it be the inside of a beautiful cathedral, streets lined with buildings with beautiful facades, or beautiful public statutory and murals, all of these provide both poor and rich alike with the dignity of surrounding themselves with the beauty of God’s creation as reflected in the creative works of His creations.
The second is that beauty is a tool of evangelization. Not all men are brought to the Church through well-crafted philosophical arguments or inspiring homilies. Some are brought to the Church through a conversion of the heart. This can be a dramatic period of their life that turns them towards God. Or, it can be a longing for some good that they can sense is sorely missing from society — justice, morality, or even simple beauty.
Grand Prince Vladimir of Kiev sent his emissaries to tour the world in search of the true faith. Upon arriving in Constantinople and entering the Hagia Sophia, they reported to him the following:
Then we went to Greece [Constantinople], and the Greeks (including the Emperor himself) led us to the edifices where they worship their God, and we knew not whether we were in heaven or on earth. For on earth there is no such splendour or such beauty, and we are at a loss how to describe it. We only know that God dwells there among men, and their service is fairer than the ceremonies of other nations. For we cannot forget that beauty.
This encounter with beauty resulted in the “baptism of Russia.” To this day, the nation of Russia is home to tens of millions of Orthodox Christians. If it had not been for the beauty of the Hagia Sophia, all of them could easily be Muslim or Pagan instead.
The same phenomenon is just as likely today. Every Christmas, even some of the most secular Americans cannot resist the allure of the beauty of traditional Christmas hymns celebrating the nativity of Christ. How many, each holiday season, wander into a Candlelight Mass simply to enjoy a romantic holiday night, only to encounter the God that dwells there?
Recently, New York City has seen a recent wave of conversions from atheistic liberal hipsters into traditional Catholics due in part to the beauty of the Traditional Latin Mass. In one case, a well-known transgender model known as “Pariah Doll” converted to Catholicism, abandoned his lucrative but unseemly career, and detransitioned.
Thus is the power of Our Lord, and the gift of beauty He has bestowed upon us. It is therefore the responsibility of the Church to revere, cultivate, and protect this most Holy Gift, this most precious Energy of Our Father, and set it on high for the adoration of mankind, which is due to it.